{"id":29,"date":"2011-12-16T16:51:29","date_gmt":"2011-12-16T16:51:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lkksb.lv\/?page_id=29"},"modified":"2020-04-24T16:54:20","modified_gmt":"2020-04-24T13:54:20","slug":"izs-diagnostika","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/lkksb.lv\/?page_id=29","title":{"rendered":"IZS diagnostika"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vispirms \u0101rsts iev\u0101c slim\u012bbas v\u0113sturi un veic fizik\u0101lu izmekl\u0113\u0161anu. Fizik\u0101l\u0101 izmekl\u0113\u0161ana tiek v\u0113rsta uz KZT traktu, tostarp tiek veikta an\u0101l\u0101s atveres apskate un, iesp\u0113jams, ar\u012b rekt\u0101la izmekl\u0113\u0161ana, jo IS bie\u017ei izraisa p\u0101rmai\u0146as tie\u0161i \u0161aj\u0101s \u0137erme\u0146a da\u013c\u0101s. Lai diagnostic\u0113tu IZS un noteiktu vai Jums ir Krona slim\u012bba, \u010d\u016blainais kol\u012bts vai nepreciz\u0113ts kol\u012bts, J\u016bsu \u0101rsts var noz\u012bm\u0113t vair\u0101kas p\u0101rbaudes. \u0160\u012bs p\u0101rbaudes iedal\u0101mas vair\u0101k\u0101s kategorij\u0101s. Da\u017eas ir <em>invaz\u012bvas<\/em>\u00a0\u2014 tiek veiktas organism\u0101, piem., ku\u0146\u0123a vai zarnu apskate no iek\u0161puses \u2014 endoskopija\u00a0\u2014 bet da\u017eas ir neinvaz\u012bvas un to veik\u0161anai nepiecie\u0161ama piek\u013cuve asins vai f\u0113\u010du paraugiem vai ar\u012b tiek uz\u0146emti vietas, kur\u0101 ir aizdomas par slim\u012bbu, radiogr\u0101fijas att\u0113li. Lai gan p\u0101rbaudes s\u0101kotn\u0113ji var \u0161\u0137ist bied\u0113jo\u0161as, vairums pacientu t\u0101s panes labi. B\u0113rniem b\u016bs nepiecie\u0161ams papildu atbalsts un padoms, bet \u0146emiet v\u0113r\u0101, ka pediatrijas speci\u0101listi \u0161\u012bs p\u0101rbaudes veic ikdien\u0101 un var sniegt padomu k\u0101 J\u016bsu b\u0113rnam atvieglot \u0161o procesu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Asins un f\u0113\u010du p\u0101rbaudes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u0101 da\u013cu no diagnostikas procesa, \u0101rsti bie\u017ei izmanto asins p\u0101rbaudes. Asins p\u0101rbaud\u0113 ietilpst asins parauga pa\u0146em\u0161ana no v\u0113nas J\u016bsu rok\u0101, ko d\u0113v\u0113 par v\u0113nas punkciju, lai gan da\u017eas p\u0101rbaudes, jo \u012bpa\u0161i pediatrij\u0101, var veikt izmantojot d\u016brienu pirkstgal\u0101, asinis pa\u0146emot no pavisam s\u012bkajiem asinsvadiem \u2014 kapil\u0101riem. J\u016bsu \u0101rsta prakses darbinieki var veikt asins \u0146em\u0161anu, bet atkar\u012bb\u0101 no prakses, var b\u016bt j\u0101dodas uz citu laboratorijas paraugu \u0146em\u0161anas vietu. Asins p\u0101rbaudes, kas tie\u0161i noteiktu IZS, nepast\u0101v. Tom\u0113r asins anal\u012bz\u0113 var noteikt iekaisumu organism\u0101. Iekaisumu var noteikt ar vair\u0101kiem m\u0113r\u012bjumiem, tostarp nosakot asins \u0161\u016bnu skaitu un noteiktu olbaltumvielu daudzumu asin\u012bs vai f\u0113c\u0113s. \u0160\u012bs p\u0101rbaudes gan neatkl\u0101s, kas tie\u0161i izraisa iekaisumu, bet ir vislab\u0101kais pieejamais indikators, kas nor\u0101da \u0101rstam, ka j\u0101veic v\u0113l citas p\u0101rbaudes, lai noteiktu iekaisuma avotu. Bez iekaisuma mar\u0137ieru noteik\u0161anas, asins p\u0101rbaudes ir noder\u012bgas v\u0113l vair\u0101kos citos veidos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0101rbaud\u0113, ko sauc par <strong>pilnu asins ainu<\/strong> (PAA), izmantojot palielin\u0101tu leikoc\u012btu skaitu, var noteikt iekaisuma vai infekcijas paz\u012bmes. Izmantojot eritroc\u012btu m\u0113r\u012bjumus, var noteikt an\u0113miju. T\u0101pat ar asins p\u0101rbaud\u0113m v\u0113l iesp\u0113jams izv\u0113rt\u0113t aknu un nieru funkciju, jo \u0161os org\u0101nus var ietekm\u0113t IZS vai slim\u012bbas \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anai izmantot\u0101s z\u0101les.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Anal\u012bze, ko sauc par <strong>elektrol\u012btu paneli<\/strong>, nosaka vair\u0101ku vielu (n\u0101trija, k\u0101lija, kalcija, hlora) koncentr\u0101ciju asin\u012bs, kas ir svar\u012bgi, lai izv\u0113rt\u0113tu iesp\u0113jamu \u0161\u0137idruma tr\u016bkumu organism\u0101 \u2014 dehidrat\u0101ciju, k\u0101 ar\u012b varb\u016bt\u0113ju medikamentu blakusiedarb\u012bbu. V\u0113l J\u016bsu \u0101rsts var veikt asins p\u0101rbaudes, lai paredz\u0113tu, cik laba var b\u016bt atbildes reakcija uz noteikt\u0101m z\u0101l\u0113m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Asins p\u0101rbaudes ir da\u013ca no s\u0101kotn\u0113j\u0101s diagnostikas un ar\u012b da\u013ca no regul\u0101raj\u0101m p\u0101rbaud\u0113m J\u016bsu slim\u012bbas nov\u0113ro\u0161anai. T\u0101m parasti nav nepiecie\u0161ama \u012bpa\u0161a sagatavo\u0161an\u0101s. Iepriek\u0161 aprakst\u012bt\u0101s asins anal\u012bzes uzskat\u0101mas par parasti jeb regul\u0101ri veicam\u0101m un t\u0101s parasti veic, ja ir aizdomas par IZS. \u0160\u012bs pa\u0161as p\u0101rbaudes b\u016bs nepiecie\u0161amas, lai nov\u0113rt\u0113tu J\u016bsu slim\u012bbu gan remisijas, gan aktivit\u0101tes jeb uzliesmojuma periodos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 id=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading-80291295\" class=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading-80291295\">Iekaisuma mar\u0137ieri<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Asin\u012bs un f\u0113c\u0113s atrodam\u0101s olbaltumvielas, kas v\u0113l tiek d\u0113v\u0113tas par biomar\u0137ieriem, var b\u016bt v\u0113rt\u012bgas iekaisuma noteik\u0161anas p\u0101rbaud\u0113s. Biomar\u0137ieri var pal\u012bdz\u0113t diagnostic\u0113t IZS un noteikt t\u0101s gaitu. Da\u017eu biomar\u0137ieru izmanto\u0161ana ir relat\u012bvi jauna, un visi \u0101rsti tos varb\u016bt v\u0113l nelieto. F\u0113\u010du biomar\u0137ieris ir kalprotekt\u012bns. Asins biomar\u0137ieri ir C-reakt\u012bvais olbaltums (CRO) un eritroc\u012btu grim\u0161anas \u0101trums (EG\u0100). P\u0113t\u012bjumos pier\u0101d\u012bts, ka \u0161ie biomar\u0137ieri ir noder\u012bgi, lai noteiktu IZS aktivit\u0101ti, bet tie var b\u016bt sastopami ar\u012b citu saslim\u0161anu gad\u012bjumos. \u0160\u012bs asins un f\u0113\u010du p\u0101rbaudes var b\u016bt pat noder\u012bg\u0101kas, lai noteiktu, vai nepiecie\u0161amas invaz\u012bv\u0101s p\u0101rbaudes, noteiktu uzliesmojumus un optimiz\u0113tu z\u0101\u013cu terapijas, nevis lai diagnostic\u0113tu IZS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 id=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading-2f85d3c0\" class=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading-2f85d3c0\">Citu slim\u012bbu izsl\u0113g\u0161ana ar parast\u0101m f\u0113\u010du p\u0101rbaud\u0113m<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0101rbaudot mazus f\u0113\u010du paraugus, var noteikt ku\u0146\u0123a un zarnu trakta infekcijas, kas bie\u017ei norit ar l\u012bdz\u012bgiem simptomiem. \u0160aj\u0101s p\u0101rbaud\u0113s var noteikt <em>C. difficile<\/em>, <em>E. coli<\/em>, <em>Campylobacter<\/em>, <em>Yersinia<\/em>, <em>Salmonella<\/em>, <em>Shigella <\/em>un citas infekcijas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Specializ\u0113t\u0101s asins p\u0101rbaudes<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Specializ\u0113to p\u0101rbau\u017eu starp\u0101 ir biomar\u0137ieru, kurus p\u0113tnieki ir saist\u012bju\u0161i ar IZS, noteik\u0161ana. pANCA, ASCA, CBir1 un OmpC ir biomar\u0137ieru paraugi, kurus var iek\u013caut Jums noz\u012bm\u0113taj\u0101s asins p\u0101rbaud\u0113s. Aptuveni 80% pacientu var b\u016bt ar IZS saist\u012bti biomar\u0137ieri, bet 15\u201420% pacientu \u0161o mar\u0137ieru var neb\u016bt. Tom\u0113r ne visiem pacientiem ar IZS \u0161\u012bs p\u0101rbaudes ir nepiecie\u0161amas, jo vairum\u0101 gad\u012bjumu \u0101rsts ar\u012b bez tiem var uzst\u0101d\u012bt diagnozi. Turkl\u0101t noz\u012bm\u012bgam daudzumam pacientu ar apstiprin\u0101tu IZS \u0161ie biomar\u0137ieri nav atrodami un pacientiem, kuriem nav IZS, \u0161ie mar\u0137ieri var b\u016bt. Svar\u012bgi saprast, ka daudzi biomar\u0137ieri atkl\u0101ti nesenos p\u0113t\u012bjumos un medic\u012bnas sabiedr\u012bb\u0101 tie tiek pie\u0146emti da\u017e\u0101di. IZS diagnostik\u0101 un nov\u0113ro\u0161an\u0101 \u0101rsts var izmantot daudzas p\u0101rbaudes, J\u016bsu \u0101rsts var nenoz\u012bm\u0113t t\u0101s visas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Terapijas optimiz\u0113\u0161anas p\u0101rbaudes<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ja \u0101rsts apsver \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anu ar medikamentiem, ko sauc par azatiopr\u012bnu vai merkaptopur\u012bnu, var tikt noz\u012bm\u0113ta \u012bpa\u0161a \u0123en\u0113tiska anal\u012bze, ko sauc par TPMT p\u0101rbaudi. Ar \u0161\u012bs p\u0101rbaudes pal\u012bdz\u012bbu var lab\u0101k noteikt katram pacientam piem\u0113rot\u0101ko z\u0101\u013cu s\u0101kuma devu, jo da\u013cai cilv\u0113ku organisms azatiopr\u012bnu un merkaptopur\u012bnu p\u0101rstr\u0101d\u0101 vai nu \u013coti \u0101tri, vai \u013coti l\u0113ni. Pirmaj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 z\u0101les \u0101tri tiek organism\u0101 inaktiv\u0113tas un ir nepiecie\u0161ama liel\u0101ka deva, otraj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 ar\u012b neliela deva ilgi saglab\u0101jas organism\u0101. Latvij\u0101 \u0161o testu t\u0101 augst\u0101s cenas d\u0113\u013c izmanto \u013coti reti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pirms medikamenta, kas tiek d\u0113v\u0113ts par \u201cTNF blokatoru\u201d, lieto\u0161anas s\u0101k\u0161anas visiem pacientiem j\u0101veic specializ\u0113ta papildus p\u0101rbaude\u00a0\u2014 tuberkulozes (TB) \u0101das p\u0101rbaude jeb PPD (<em>purified protein derivative<\/em>\u00a0\u2014 att\u012br\u012btais tuberkul\u012bna prote\u012bna deriv\u0101ts). Ar \u0161o p\u0101rbaudi tiek noteikta neakt\u012bva TB, kas pacientiem, kuri sa\u0146em TNF terapiju, var aktiviz\u0113ties. Ja tiek noteikts, ka pacientam ir neakt\u012bva tuberkuloze, pirms TNF terapijas sa\u0146em\u0161anas t\u0101 ir j\u0101iz\u0101rst\u0113.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vesel\u012bbas nov\u0113ro\u0161ana ar laboratorijas p\u0101rbaud\u0113m<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ja Jums ir diagnostic\u0113ta IZS, pat ja nav nov\u0113rojami slim\u012bbas simptomi vai \u0101rpuszarnu izpausmes, Jums periodiski tiks veiktas asins p\u0101rbaudes, lai laic\u012bgi noteiktu akt\u012bvu iekaisumu vai slim\u012bbas vai medikamentu terapijas komplik\u0101cijas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IZS var rad\u012bt mald\u012bgu priek\u0161statu, ka viss ir k\u0101rt\u012bb\u0101. Kam\u0113r J\u016bsu zarn\u0101s veidojas iekaisums vai citas komplik\u0101cijas, J\u016bs varat justies labi. V\u0113l svar\u012bgi saprast, ka laika gait\u0101, atspogu\u013cojot J\u016bsu slim\u012bbu, p\u0101rbau\u017eu rezult\u0101ti main\u012bsies. P\u0101rbaudes ir \u0161odienas st\u0101vok\u013ca momentuz\u0146\u0113mums, un t\u0101s nav ilgtermi\u0146a skat\u012bjums uz J\u016bsu dz\u012bvi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IZS diagnostikas standarts ir endoskopija un biopsija<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h5 id=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading-3f77194c\" class=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading-3f77194c\">Endoskopija<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Endoskopija ir proced\u016bra, kuras laik\u0101 \u0101rsts var ieskat\u012bties J\u016bsu organism\u0101. T\u0101s laik\u0101 tiek izmantots instruments, ko d\u0113v\u0113 par endoskopu. Endoskopiem garas, tievas, elast\u012bgas caurul\u012btes gal\u0101 ir piestiprin\u0101ta kamera, kas endoskopijas proced\u016bras laik\u0101 J\u016bsu \u0101rstam uz ekr\u0101na \u013cauj apl\u016bkot palielin\u0101tus J\u016bsu zarnu att\u0113lus. T\u0101dej\u0101di var izv\u0113rt\u0113t da\u017e\u0101dus ku\u0146\u0123a un zarnu trakta re\u0123ionus, zarnu sieni\u0146as st\u0101vokli un vad\u012bt biopsiju \u0146em\u0161anu. Diagnostisk\u0101s endoskopijas laik\u0101 J\u016bsu \u0101rsts no zarnu sieni\u0146as \u0146ems vair\u0101kus biopsiju paraugus, lai mikroskopiski izv\u0113rt\u0113tu iekaisuma iesp\u0113jamu kl\u0101tb\u016btni un t\u0101 pak\u0101pi. Endoskopijas laik\u0101 \u0101rsts var izmantot da\u017e\u0101du veidu endoskopus, kas parasti at\u0161\u0137iras ar to resnumu un garumu. Kolonoskopi, sigmoidoskopi un enteroskopi ir da\u017e\u0101di endoskopu veidi, kas paredz\u0113ti da\u017e\u0101du zarnu trakta da\u013cu apl\u016bko\u0161anai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lai gan laboratorijas p\u0101rbaudes var p\u0101rliecino\u0161i atbalst\u012bt IZS diagnozi, endoskopija ir vissvar\u012bg\u0101k\u0101. T\u0101s laik\u0101 \u0101rsts redz, vai KZT ir iekaisums, kur tas atrodas, nov\u0113rt\u0113 iekaisuma smagumu un diagnozes apstiprin\u0101\u0161anai \u0146em biopsijas. V\u0113l endoskopija ir \u013coti svar\u012bga terapijas nov\u0113ro\u0161anai. Zarnu sieni\u0146u dz\u012b\u0161ana liecina par to, ka z\u0101les ir iedarb\u012bgas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 id=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading-1e5d0ddf\" class=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading-1e5d0ddf\">Kolonoskopija<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u0101 k\u0101 IZS visbie\u017e\u0101k skar resn\u0101s zarnas un tievo zarnu beigu posmu, IZS diagnostik\u0101 un nov\u0113ro\u0161an\u0101 no visiem endoskopijas veidiem visbie\u017e\u0101k tiek veikta tie\u0161i kolonoskopija. Izmekl\u0113juma laik\u0101 kolonoskops caur an\u0101lo atveri tiek ievad\u012bts pacienta taisnaj\u0101 zarn\u0101 un t\u0101l\u0101k vis\u0101 resno zarnu garum\u0101 un tievo zarnu beigu posm\u0101 (<em>ileum terminale<\/em> \u2014 termin\u0101l\u0101 ileum\u0101\u00a0\u2014 l\u012bkumain\u0101s zarnas apak\u0161gal\u0101). Parasti, lai mazin\u0101tu nepat\u012bkam\u0101s saj\u016btas, ko izraisa \u0161is izmekl\u0113jums, pirms proced\u016bras pacients sa\u0146em nomierino\u0161us medikamentus \u2013 sed\u0101ciju, vai ar\u012b izmekl\u0113jums tiek veikts narkoz\u0113 \u2013 ar medikamentiem izrais\u012bt\u0101 mieg\u0101. Vairums pacientu nogu\u013c visu proced\u016bru un pat neatceras, ka tika veikta p\u0101rbaude. Ja proced\u016bras laik\u0101 narkoze netiek izmantota un rodas nepat\u012bkamas saj\u016btas, tas ir j\u0101pasaka \u0101rstam, lai nekav\u0113joties var\u0113tu piel\u0101got sed\u0101ciju. Liel\u0101kais izaicin\u0101jums ir sagatavo\u0161an\u0101s kolonoskopijai. Lai \u0101rsts redz\u0113tu zarnu sieni\u0146u, pirms proced\u016bras zarnas ir j\u0101izt\u012bra, t.i., no t\u0101m ir j\u0101izskalo f\u0113ces. T\u0101d\u0113\u013c gatavojoties kolonoskopijai ir j\u0101b\u016bt gatavam \u0161\u0101d\u0101m darb\u012bb\u0101m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>sa\u0146emt instrukcijas ierobe\u017eotai di\u0113tai un t\u0101s iev\u0113rot;<\/li><li>izdzert zarnas sagatavojo\u0161\u0101s z\u0101les (t\u0101s izraksta J\u016bsu \u0101rsts);<\/li><li>nakti pirms p\u0101rbaudes velt\u012bt zarnu att\u012br\u012b\u0161anas procesam;<\/li><li>dodoties uz proced\u016bru vilkt br\u012bvas, \u0113rtas dr\u0113bes;<\/li><li>draugam vai \u0123imenes loceklim ir j\u0101atved J\u016bs uz proced\u016bru un p\u0113c t\u0101s&nbsp;\u2014 j\u0101aizved m\u0101j\u0101s.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pirms kolonoskopijas ir j\u0101izdzer z\u0101les, kas, izraisot caureju, no zarn\u0101m att\u012bra f\u0113ces un atkritumus. Noz\u012bm\u012bgi ir r\u016bp\u012bgi iev\u0113rot aptiekas sniegtos nor\u0101d\u012bjumus, sajaucot zarnas att\u012bro\u0161os medikamentus. Sagatavotajam \u0161\u0137\u012bdumam var b\u016bt nepat\u012bkama gar\u0161a, un ar\u012b zarnu sagatavo\u0161ana aiz\u0146em laiku un t\u0101 var b\u016bt nepat\u012bkama, tom\u0113r rezult\u0101t\u0101 veiksm\u012bgai kolonoskopijai tiks ieg\u016btas t\u012bras zarnas, kur\u0101s zarnu sieni\u0146u var apskat\u012bt bez trauc\u0113jumiem. Kolonoskopijas parasti ir \u013coti dro\u0161as proced\u016bras, tom\u0113r izmekl\u0113juma laik\u0101 vienm\u0113r saglab\u0101jas \u013coti mazs zarnu perfor\u0101cijas risks. Ja v\u0113laties, J\u016bs varat \u0161o risku apspriest ar \u0101rstu, kur\u0161 veic p\u0101rbaudi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Daudzi pacienti vaic\u0101 par maz\u0101k invaz\u012bv\u0101s \u201cvirtu\u0101l\u0101s kolonoskopijas\u201d der\u012bgumu. Lai gan \u0161\u012b uz radiolo\u0123iju balst\u012bt\u0101 p\u0101rbaude ir aizraujo\u0161a un daudzsolo\u0161a, t\u0101 nav ieteicama, ja ir aizdomas par IZS, jo \u0161o slim\u012bbu gad\u012bjum\u0101 virtu\u0101l\u0101 kolonoskopija nesniedz nepiecie\u0161amo inform\u0101ciju, turkl\u0101t IZS diagnostikai ir nepiecie\u0161amas biopsijas un tie\u0161a resno un tievo zarnu apskate, ko nav iesp\u0113jams veikt virtu\u0101l\u0101s kolonoskopijas laik\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Citas endoskopiskas p\u0101rbaudes<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lai izv\u0113rt\u0113tu pacientus ar aizdom\u0101m par IZS, apstiprin\u0101tu diagnozi vai p\u0101rbaud\u012btu slim\u012bbas norisi, var veikt ar\u012b vair\u0101kus citus endoskopisku p\u0101rbau\u017eu veidus, kuri ir aprakst\u012bti t\u0101l\u0101k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sigmoidoskopija<\/strong>: resno zarnu apak\u0161\u0113j\u0101s puses l\u012bdz apak\u0161\u0113j\u0101s tre\u0161da\u013cas endoskopiska izv\u0113rt\u0113\u0161ana. T\u0101 ir noder\u012bga, ja \u0101rsts v\u0113las apstiprin\u0101t iekaisumu \u0161aj\u0101 resno zarnu segment\u0101 \u2013 t\u0101 saucamaj\u0101 S-veida zarn\u0101. Pacientiem ar \u010d\u016blaino kol\u012btu iekaisums s\u0101kas taisnaj\u0101 zarn\u0101. T\u0101d\u0113\u013c sigmoidoskopija var b\u016bt laba dignostikas p\u0101rbaude, lai apstiprin\u0101tu slim\u012bbu un nov\u0113rotu atbildes reakciju uz terapiju. To parasti veic bez sed\u0101cijas, jo t\u0101 ir \u013coti \u012bsa proced\u016bra un, sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar kolonoskopiju, saist\u012bta ar maz\u0101k nepat\u012bkam\u0101m saj\u016bt\u0101m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar kolonoskopiju, sagatavo\u0161an\u0101s \u0161ai proced\u016brai ir maz\u0101k sare\u017e\u0123\u012bta, parasti proced\u016bras dien\u0101 nepiecie\u0161ama tikai viena vai divas klizmas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ezofago-gastro-duodenoskopija (EGDS) jeb aug\u0161\u0113j\u0101 endoskopija<\/strong>: bie\u017ei lietota proced\u016bra, ko sa\u012bsin\u0101tie bie\u017ei sauc ar\u012b par gastroskopiju, un ko izmanto, lai izv\u0113rt\u0113tu pla\u0161u simptomu kl\u0101stu, tostarp, bet ne tikai, v\u0113dera aug\u0161da\u013cas s\u0101pes, sliktu d\u016b\u0161u, vem\u0161anu un apgr\u016btin\u0101tu r\u012b\u0161anu. Lai veiktu endoskopiju, no pusnakts l\u012bdz p\u0101rbaudes veik\u0161anai nedr\u012bkst \u0113st. Krona slim\u012bba bie\u017ei skar bar\u012bbas vadu, ku\u0146\u0123i un tievo zarnu aug\u0161\u0113jo da\u013cu, t\u0101s izmekl\u0113 EGD laik\u0101. Mekl\u0113jot iekaisumu t\u0101l\u0101k tievaj\u0101s zarn\u0101s, var izmanot gar\u0101ku aug\u0161\u0113jo endoskopu, ko d\u0113v\u0113 par enteroskopu. Standarta enteroskopij\u0101 parasti var izv\u0113rt\u0113t tievo zarnu aug\u0161\u0113jo tre\u0161da\u013cu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kapsulas endoskopija (KE)<\/strong>: jaun\u0101ka proced\u016bra, kuras laik\u0101 \u0101rsts var ieg\u016bt visu tievo zarnu att\u0113lus. Ar\u012b gatavojoties \u0161ai proced\u016brai p\u0113c vakari\u0146\u0101m nedr\u012bkst \u0113st un reiz\u0113m pirms proced\u016bras nepiecie\u0161ama zarnu sagatavo\u0161ana. Izmekl\u0113juma r\u012bt\u0101 pacientam j\u0101norij endoskopijas kapsula, kas ir aptuveni 2 centimetrus liela, un j\u0101uzvelk josta, kas ieraksta kapsulas iek\u0161ien\u0113 eso\u0161\u0101s kameras uz\u0146emtos zarnu att\u0113lus. P\u0113c tam pacients turpina ikdienas darb\u012bbas. Kapsul\u0101 ir gaismas avots, kamera un to aptver aizsarg\u0101jo\u0161s \u0101r\u0113jais apvalks. Tad kapsula ce\u013co cauri tievaj\u0101m zarn\u0101m un uz ierakst\u012bt\u0101ju noraida aptuveni 60\u00a0000\u00a0att\u0113lu. Dienas beig\u0101s pacients dodas atpaka\u013c uz \u0101rsta praksi, kur tiek veikta att\u0113lu lejupiel\u0101de. Kapsula tiek izvad\u012bta ar f\u0113c\u0113m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kapsulas endoskopija nav ieteicama pacientiem ar zarnu sa\u0161aurin\u0101jumiem (strikt\u016br\u0101m) vai zarnu nosprostojumu (obstrukciju), jo kapsula var iespr\u016bst vai tikt aizkav\u0113ta tievaj\u0101s zarn\u0101s, radot zarnu obstrukcijas simptomus, p\u0113c k\u0101 reti, bet var b\u016bt nepiecie\u0161ama oper\u0101cija. Turkl\u0101t, lietojot kapsulu, nav iesp\u0113jams pa\u0146emt biopsijas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>EUS jeb endoskopiska ultrasonogr\u0101fija<\/strong>: relat\u012bvi jauna metode, kur\u0101 lai ieg\u016btu inform\u0101ciju par to, kas atrodas zem ku\u0146\u0123a-zarnu trakta g\u013cot\u0101das virsmas, tiek izmantota pie endoskopa piestiprin\u0101ta ultraska\u0146as zonde. IZS gad\u012bjum\u0101 \u0101rsti visbie\u017e\u0101k izmanto EUS, lai taisn\u0101s zarnas re\u0123ion\u0101 mekl\u0113tu fistulas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fistulas ir slim\u012bbas izrais\u012bti patolo\u0123iski zarnas savienojumi ar citu zarnas da\u013cu, citu org\u0101nu vai pat \u0101das virsmu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Biopsijas un oper\u0113jo\u0161\u0101 pataloga noz\u012bme<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Endoskopiju laik\u0101 pa\u0146emtie audu paraugi \u2013 biopsijas tiek nos\u016bt\u012bti patologam. Patologs ir \u0101rsts, kas biopsijas audus, \u012bpa\u0161\u0101 veid\u0101 nokr\u0101so un p\u0113c tam apl\u016bko zem mikroskopa, mekl\u0113jot noteiktas \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas, kas pal\u012bdz uzst\u0101d\u012bt IZS diagnozi. Turkl\u0101t patologs p\u0113c zin\u0101m\u0101m paz\u012bm\u0113m bie\u017ei var noteikt, vai pacients slimo ar \u010d\u016blaino kol\u012btu vai Krona slim\u012bbu. Biopsiju izv\u0113rt\u0113\u0161anas rezult\u0101tus parasti ir j\u0101gaida l\u012bdz div\u0101m ned\u0113\u013c\u0101m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Radiolo\u0123iska sken\u0113\u0161ana jeb att\u0113ldiagnostika<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tradicion\u0101laj\u0101 aug\u0161\u0113j\u0101 endoskopij\u0101 un kolonoskopij\u0101 nav iesp\u0113jams izv\u0113rt\u0113t aptuveni divas tre\u0161da\u013cas tievo zarnu. Ja \u0101rsts uzskata, ka nepiecie\u0161ams p\u0101rbaud\u012bt ar\u012b \u0161o zarnu trakta da\u013cu, tad bez kapsulas endoskopijas var tikt veikti radiolo\u0123iskie izmekl\u0113jumi jeb att\u0113ldiagnostika, lai izv\u0113rt\u0113tu \u0161os zarnu segmentus, k\u0101 ar\u012b re\u0123ionus \u0101rpus zarn\u0101m. Radiolo\u0123ija noz\u012bm\u0113 att\u0113lu uz\u0146em\u0161anu, kuros redzama organisma iek\u0161puse. IZS gad\u012bjum\u0101 tiek izmantoti daudzi radiolo\u0123isko p\u0101rbau\u017eu veidi, tostarp \u0161\u0101di:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>b\u0101rija klizma;<\/li><li>datortomogr\u0101fijas (DT) sken\u0113\u0161ana un DT enterogr\u0101fija (DTE);<\/li><li>leikoc\u012btu scintigr\u0101fija (leikoc\u012btu sken\u0113\u0161ana);<\/li><li>magn\u0113tisk\u0101s rezononanses izmekl\u0113\u0161ana (MRI) un MR enterogr\u0101fija (MRE);<\/li><li>tievo zarnu caurskate un tievo zarnu enterokl\u012bze;<\/li><li>ultraska\u0146a;<\/li><li>citi rentgenizmekl\u0113jumi.<\/li><li>Tuv\u0101k apl\u016bkojot diagnostisko att\u0113lveido\u0161anu:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 id=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading-16aeb488\" class=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading-16aeb488\">Rentgena p\u0101rskats<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rentgena p\u0101rskats ir vec\u0101kais veid, k\u0101 ieg\u016bt att\u0113lus, kas sniedz priek\u0161statu par organisma iek\u0161pusi. Tas ir sal\u012bdzino\u0161i l\u0113ts un izmaksu zi\u0146\u0101 efekt\u012bvs izmekl\u0113jums, kas ir noder\u012bgs, lai noteiktu nosprostojumus tievaj\u0101s zarn\u0101s vai resnaj\u0101s zarn\u0101s. Piem\u0113ram, pacientiem ar Krona slim\u012bbu var b\u016bt tievo zarnu iekaisums un\/vai r\u0113taudi, kas sa\u0161aurina zarnu un apgr\u016btina f\u0113\u010du un gaisa caurejam\u012bbu. To sauc par tievo zarnu obstrukciju. Ar\u012b resn\u0101s zarnas var tikt nosprostotas un papla\u0161in\u0101tas. Pacientiem ar \u010d\u016blaino kol\u012btu reti, bet var izveidoties resno zarnu papla\u0161in\u0101jums, ko d\u0113v\u0113 par toksisku megakolonu. \u0160o nopietno \u010d\u016blain\u0101 kol\u012bta komplik\u0101ciju, bie\u017ei var redz\u0113t vienk\u0101r\u0161\u0101 rentgenogramm\u0101. Turkl\u0101t nav nepiecie\u0161ama sagatavo\u0161an\u0101s, un katr\u0101 p\u0101rbaud\u0113 J\u016bs sa\u0146emat nelielu starojuma devu. Diem\u017e\u0113l rentgenizmekl\u0113jumi daudzas p\u0101rmai\u0146as nepar\u0101da, k\u0101d\u0113\u013c bie\u017ei ir nepiecie\u0161ams veikt ar\u012b citus rentgena izmekl\u0113jumus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tievo zarnu caurskat\u012b\u0161ana (TZCS)\/tievo zarnu s\u0113rijas (TZS), enterokl\u012bze un b\u0101rija klizma ir rentgena izmekl\u0113jumi, kuru laik\u0101 ku\u0146\u0123a-zarnu trakt\u0101 tiek ievad\u012bts b\u0101rijs. Tas ir biezs, ka\u013c\u0137ains \u0161\u0137\u012bdums, ko var iedzert vai ievad\u012bt caur an\u0101lo atveri. B\u0101rijs \u013coti labi ir redzams rentgena att\u0113los, t\u0101dej\u0101di daudz lab\u0101k \u013caujot at\u0161\u0137irt zarnas no apk\u0101rt\u0113jiem audiem. \u0160\u012bs metodes prasa vair\u0101k laika, un parasti vismaz puse dienas ir j\u0101pavada viet\u0101, kur izmekl\u0113jums tiek veikts. Bet ar\u012b \u0161aj\u0101 p\u0101rbaud\u0113 J\u016bs sa\u0146emat nelielu starojuma devu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tievo zarnu rentgenizmekl\u0113jumi ar b\u0101riju ir divu veidu: tievo zarnu caurskat\u012b\u0161ana (TZCS)\/tievo zarnu s\u0113rijas (TZS) un enterokl\u012bze. Resno zarnu rentgenogr\u0101fiju d\u0113v\u0113 par b\u0101rija klizmu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tievo zarnu caurskat\u012b\u0161anai ir j\u0101izdzer vair\u0101kas gl\u0101zes ar b\u0101riju un tad, kam\u0113r b\u0101rijs p\u0101rvietojas lejup pa tievaj\u0101m zarn\u0101m un ieiet resnaj\u0101s zarn\u0101s, ik 15-30 min\u016btes tiek uz\u0146emta rentgenogramma. Nepiecie\u0161amais laiks ir main\u012bgs, bet tas var b\u016bt l\u012bdz \u010detr\u0101m vai piec\u0101m stund\u0101m. Enterokl\u012bze ir l\u012bdz\u012bgs izmekl\u0113jums, bet at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bba ir t\u0101, ka b\u0101rijs tiek nevis iedzerts, bet ievad\u012bts tie\u0161i tievaj\u0101s zarn\u0101s, izmantojot caurul\u012bti, kas caur degunu vai muti ievietota 12-pirkstu zarn\u0101, kas \u013cauj lab\u0101k saskat\u012bt iesp\u0113jamas p\u0101rmai\u0146as tievaj\u0101s zarn\u0101s. B\u0101rija klizmas laik\u0101, izmantojot an\u0101laj\u0101 atver\u0113 ievietotu caurul\u012bti, b\u0101rijs tiek ievad\u012bts tie\u0161i resnaj\u0101s zarn\u0101s. P\u0113c tam izmekl\u0113juma laik\u0101, lai ieg\u016btu skaidr\u0101kus att\u0113lus, resn\u0101s zarnas tiek papla\u0161in\u0101tas ar gaisu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 id=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading-3749353b\" class=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading-3749353b\">Datortomogr\u0101fija<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Datortomogr\u0101fijas (DT) sken\u0113\u0161ana un DT enterogr\u0101fija (DTE). DT izmekl\u0113jum\u0101, vienlaic\u012bgi no vair\u0101kiem da\u017e\u0101diem le\u0146\u0137iem tiek uz\u0146emtas rentgenogrammas, kas p\u0113c tam ar \u012bpa\u0161as datorprogrammas pal\u012bdz\u012bbu \u013cauj izveidot re\u0101listisku iek\u0161\u0113jo org\u0101nu att\u0113lu \u2013 \u0137erme\u0146a \u0161\u0137\u0113rsgriezumu. Lai uzlabotu p\u0101rbaudes kvalit\u0101ti, taj\u0101 var b\u016bt nepiecie\u0161ams or\u0101li, rekt\u0101li vai intravenozi ievad\u012bt kontrastvielu. P\u0101rbaudes laik\u0101 J\u016bs atrad\u012bsities uz \u012bpa\u0161a galda, kas tiek virz\u012bts cauri skenerim, lai uz\u0146emtu v\u0113dera \u0161\u0137\u0113rsgriezuma att\u0113lus vair\u0101kos l\u012bme\u0146os, parasti ar da\u017eu milimetru atstarpi. V\u0113dera DT izmekl\u0113\u0161ana ilgst piecas l\u012bdz 20\u00a0min\u016btes. DT sken\u0113\u0161ana tiek lietota, lai izsl\u0113gtu IZS komplik\u0101cijas, piem\u0113ram, sastrutojumus v\u0113dera dobum\u0101 (intraabdomin\u0101lus abscesus), sa\u0161aurin\u0101jumu \u2013 strikt\u016bras, tievo zarnu nosprosto\u0161anos, kas var b\u016bt ar\u012b da\u013c\u0113ja, fistulas un zarnu pl\u012bsumus \u2013 perfor\u0101ciju.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0160\u012b izmekl\u0113juma variants tiek d\u0113v\u0113ts par DT enterogr\u0101fiju (DTE). \u0160aj\u0101 izmekl\u0113jum\u0101, lai lab\u0101k noteiktu zarnu kont\u016bras, ievada \u012bpa\u0161u or\u0101lu un\/vai intravenozu kontrastvielu. P\u0113c tam no DTE att\u0113liem tiek izveidots viens zarnu 3-dimensiju att\u0113ls, lai lab\u0101k vizualiz\u0113tu tievo zarnu novietojumu attiec\u012bb\u0101 pret citiem org\u0101niem. \u0100rsts var veikt \u0161o izmekl\u0113jumu, lai noteiktu iekaisu\u0161us zarnu re\u0123ionus vai s\u012bk\u0101kas obstrukcijas vai nosprostojumus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Datortomogr\u0101fijas laik\u0101 tiek izdal\u012bts noz\u012bm\u012bgs starojuma daudzums, kas ierobe\u017eo \u0161\u0101 izmekl\u0113juma veik\u0161anas bie\u017eumu. T\u0101pat da\u017eiem pacientiem var b\u016bt aler\u0123ija pret kontrastvielas intravenozi ievad\u0101mo formu. Ja J\u016bs dom\u0101jat, ka Jums ir aler\u0123ija, inform\u0113jiet par to savu \u0101rstu. Pacientiem ar nieru saslim\u0161anu, cukura diab\u0113tu vai dehidrat\u0101ciju ir palielin\u0101ts intravenoz\u0101s kontrastvielas nieru blakuspar\u0101d\u012bbu risks. Intravenoz\u0101 kontrastviela satur jodu un var saasin\u0101t jau eso\u0161as vairogdziedzera saslim\u0161anas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 id=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading-2028fbc5\" class=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading-2028fbc5\">Magn\u0113tisk\u0101 rezonanse<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Magn\u0113tisk\u0101s rezonanses att\u0113lveido\u0161ana (MRI) ir noder\u012bga, lai apskat\u012btu iek\u0161\u0113jos org\u0101nus, musku\u013cus, m\u012bkstos audus un galvas un muguras smadzenes. Taj\u0101 neizmanto rentgena starojumu. Ar\u012b \u0161aj\u0101 izmekl\u0113jum\u0101 ier\u012bces uztvertie sign\u0101li tiek p\u0101rveidots re\u0101listisk\u0101 \u0137erme\u0146a att\u0113l\u0101, ieg\u016bstot skaidr\u0101kus zarnu att\u0113lus k\u0101 datortomogr\u0101fijas izmekl\u0113jum\u0101. V\u0113l MRI ir noder\u012bga, lai apskat\u012btu slim\u012bbas izplat\u012bbu \u0101rpus zarn\u0101m. MRI laik\u0101 J\u016bs gul\u0113siet uz galda, kas atrodas skener\u012b, kam\u0113r ier\u012bce \u0123ener\u0113 att\u0113lus. Da\u017ei pacienti nej\u016btas \u0113rti, jo j\u0101atrodas sl\u0113gt\u0101 skener\u012b. Ja Jums ir ba\u017eas par sl\u0113gt\u0101m telp\u0101m, past\u0101stiet par to savam \u0101rstam. Att\u012bstoties tehnolo\u0123ijai, ir pieaugusi MRI jauda IZS izmekl\u0113\u0161an\u0101, \u013caujot ieg\u016bt tievo zarnu augstas kvalit\u0101tes att\u0113lus, bet izmekl\u0113juma pieejam\u012bbu b\u016btiski ierobe\u017eo t\u0101 augst\u0101s izmaksas. MR enterogr\u0101fija (MRE) ir k\u013cuvusi par tievo zarnu caurskat\u012b\u0161anas alternat\u012bvu. Turkl\u0101t pacientiem ar perian\u0101lu Krona slim\u012bbu iegur\u0146a MRI var b\u016bt \u013coti noder\u012bgs, lai pier\u0101d\u012btu slim\u012bbas apjomu un sastrutojumu (abscesu) vai infekcijas esam\u012bbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u0101 k\u0101 MRI laik\u0101 Jums j\u0101atrodas sp\u0113c\u012bg\u0101 magn\u0113tisk\u0101 lauk\u0101, lai nov\u0113rstu komplik\u0101cijas, inform\u0113jiet savu \u0101rstu, ja Jums ir kardiostimulators vai ar\u012b \u0137ermen\u012b ir k\u0101di met\u0101la implant\u0101ti\/sve\u0161\u0137erme\u0146i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 id=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading-5f620c4e\" class=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-heading-5f620c4e\">Ultraska\u0146a<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0160\u012b tehnolo\u0123ija tiek lietota, lai p\u0113t\u012btu daudzus v\u0113dera dobuma org\u0101nus (parasti t\u0101s ir aknas, \u017eultsp\u016bslis un iegur\u0146a re\u0123ion\u0101 eso\u0161ie org\u0101ni). Pa\u0161laik, lai diagnostic\u0113tu perian\u0101lu Krona slim\u012bbu, lieto endoskopisku ultraska\u0146u un MRI. ASV \u0101rsti tievo zarnu izv\u0113rt\u0113\u0161anai parasti nelieto ultraska\u0146u, tom\u0113r Eirop\u0101, lai izv\u0113rt\u0113tu tievo zarnu nosprostojumus, ultraska\u0146a tiek lietota daudz bie\u017e\u0101k. Ultraska\u0146a neizdala starojumu, t\u0101s pamat\u0101 ir nedzirdamu ska\u0146as vi\u013c\u0146u rad\u012btas \u0113nas. Lai gan ultraska\u0146as veik\u0161anai parasti nav nepiecie\u0161ama cita sagatavo\u0161an\u0101s, k\u0101 ne\u0113\u0161ana da\u017eas stundas pirms p\u0101rbaudes, Jums vajadz\u0113tu konsult\u0113ties ar savu \u0101rstu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Diagnostisk\u0101s att\u0113lveido\u0161anas daudz\u0101s lomas<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u012bdz\u012bgi k\u0101 ar laboratorijas p\u0101rbaud\u0113m, IZS \u0101rst\u0113\u0161an\u0101 un p\u0101rvald\u012bb\u0101 diagnostiskajai att\u0113lveido\u0161anai ir vair\u0101kas lomas. Radiolo\u0123ijas sken\u0113\u0161ana ne tikai pal\u012bdz\u0113s noteikt, vai Jums ir IZS, bet t\u0101 atkl\u0101s iekaisuma procesa apjomu un smagumu, k\u0101 ar\u012b izv\u0113rt\u0113s iesp\u0113jam\u0101s slim\u012bbas komplik\u0101cijas, piem\u0113ram, nosprostojumu, fistulu vai abscesu. Ar \u0161o inform\u0101ciju J\u016bsu \u0101rsts var\u0113s ieteikt lab\u0101ko terapijas kursu. Pat p\u0113c diagnozes noteik\u0161anas att\u0113lveido\u0161anas izmekl\u0113jumus var lietot, lai noteiktu, cik laba ir atbildes reakcija uz terapiju un apstiprin\u0101tu, ka J\u016bsu slim\u012bbas aktivit\u0101te ir samazin\u0101jusies un ir iest\u0101jusies remisija. To sauc par IZS \u201cnov\u0113ro\u0161anu\u201d un tai ir kritiska noz\u012bme, lai pacients atvese\u013cotos un paliktu vesels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Starojuma riski<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ir p\u0113t\u012bjumi, kuros nor\u0101d\u012bts, ka starojums ir riska faktors onkolo\u0123isk\u0101m saslim\u0161an\u0101m. Skaidrs, ka vairumam pacientu ar vesel\u012bbu saist\u012btas radiolo\u0123iskas sken\u0113\u0161anas rada visliel\u0101ko radi\u0101cijas iedarb\u012bbu. Starp \u0161aj\u0101 bro\u0161\u016br\u0101 apskat\u012btajiem sken\u0113\u0161anas veidiem, pa\u0161laik DT sken\u0113\u0161ana rada visliel\u0101ko daudzumu starojuma. Neskatoties uz ar DT saist\u012bto pak\u013cau\u0161anu starojuma iedarb\u012bbai, t\u0101 ir \u013coti noder\u012bga p\u0101rbaude, lai diagnostic\u0113tu IZS un t\u0101s komplik\u0101cijas, un vairum\u0101 gad\u012bjumu ieg\u016bt\u0101 inform\u0101cija par slim\u012bbu daudzk\u0101rt atsver sa\u0146emt\u0101 starojuma rad\u012bto risku. Tom\u0113r, lai samazin\u0101tu pacientu pak\u013cau\u0161anu starojuma iedarb\u012bbai, pieaug MRI un ultraska\u0146as izmanto\u0161ana. J\u016bs ar savu \u0101rstu apspried\u012bsiet visu, gan diagnostisku, gan terapeitisku, J\u016bsu l\u0113mumu riskus un ieguvumus. Nav izv\u0113les bez riskiem, tom\u0113r ar att\u0113lveido\u0161anas starojumu saist\u012btais absol\u016btais risks ir daudz maz\u0101ks, sal\u012bdzinot ar slikti kontrol\u0113tu IZS, kas rodas neatbilsto\u0161i nov\u0113rojot slim\u012bbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><em>Ja dom\u0101jat, ka esat st\u0101vokl\u012b, inform\u0113jiet savu \u0101rstu, jo svar\u012bgi neveikt t\u0101s p\u0101rbaudes, kur\u0101s J\u016bsu augli var pak\u013caut starojuma iedarb\u012bbai.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vispirms \u0101rsts iev\u0101c slim\u012bbas v\u0113sturi un veic fizik\u0101lu izmekl\u0113\u0161anu. Fizik\u0101l\u0101 izmekl\u0113\u0161ana tiek v\u0113rsta uz KZT traktu, tostarp tiek veikta an\u0101l\u0101s atveres apskate un, iesp\u0113jams, ar\u012b rekt\u0101la izmekl\u0113\u0161ana, jo IS bie\u017ei izraisa p\u0101rmai\u0146as tie\u0161i \u0161aj\u0101s \u0137erme\u0146a da\u013c\u0101s. Lai diagnostic\u0113tu IZS un [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":7,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-29","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lkksb.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lkksb.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lkksb.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lkksb.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lkksb.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/lkksb.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1545,"href":"https:\/\/lkksb.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29\/revisions\/1545"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lkksb.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lkksb.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}